Ashug |

afi turk alofa tusi - i le alofa

Tusisolo faapolofesa a tagata ma pese pese i Azerbaijanis, Armenians ma tagata tuaoi o le USSR ma atunuu ese. O le suti o le A. e fa'akomepiuta. Na te fatuina fati, solo, epic. talatu'u (dastans), pepese, fa'atasi ma ia i luga o saz (Azerbaijan), ta po'o kemancha (Armenia). I le faatinoga o le A. e iai foi elemene o tala faatino. tagi (fa'aali foliga, taga, ma isi). O nisi o A. ua na o ni tagata faafiafia. O muamua o A. i Azerbaijan o ozans (isi igoa - Shuara, Dede, Yangshag, ma isi); i Armenia – gusans (mtrup-gusans, tagerku).

O faʻamatalaga muamua e uiga ia A. o loʻo i totonu o le lima. tusitala talafaasolopito o Movses Khorenatsi, Pavstos Buzand, Yeghishe ma isi, i Azerbaijan. talatuʻu “Kitabi-Dede Korkud” (10-11 senituri).

O le vaega autu o le galuega a A. o pese. O pese a ashug a'o le'i fouvale na ta'uleagaina itu pogisa o le misa. ola, pese lototoa. tauivi e tetee atu i le pule saua, e totoina i totonu o tagata le alofa mo le tina. Ina ua maeʻa le faʻavaeina o le Soviet, ua tumu le mana o le pese a A. i mea fou e fesoʻotaʻi ma suiga tetele i sosaiete. ala o le olaga, ma le socialist. fausiaina.

O fati a Ashug e masani lava o se vaapiapi ma e tuʻuina atu i se tusi resitala maualuga. Melodich. sologa lelei; oso laiti (i le tolu, lona fa) e sosoo ai ma lo latou faatumuina. Fa'ata'ita'iga masani, fe'ese'esea'i o pese ma fauga atoa, metro-rhythm. tamaoaiga. O nisi taimi o fati e fa'atatau i se saini manino taimi, mo se fa'ata'ita'iga:

O nisi taimi latou te eseese i le toe fa'afoliga-improvisation. saolotoga. Ua iloa ca. 80 fati mata'utia o lo'o faia a'e ai le fa'asologa tumau o A. O latou igoa e fa'atatau i le solo. fomu ("gerayly", "sofa", "mukhammes", ma isi), vaega e sili ona taatele ("Goyche gulu"), dastans, lea e aofia ai ("Keremi", "Ker-ogly ") ma isi. .O fati nei, a'o faatumauina lo latou autu. tootoo, fa'atamaoaigaina i taimi uma i le fati ma le fati. E fai pese eseese i le fati e tasi. tusi fa'asolo. O pese a Ashug e fai faatasi. Instr e tele sona sao ia i latou. fa'alavelave. I le musika a A. o loʻo i ai elemene o le harmonica. polyphony – quarto-lima, terts-quarte, ma isi consonances (i le saz).

Azerbaijani tetele. O tagata suʻesuʻe i mea anamua o Gurbani, Abbas Tufarganly (16 senituri), Dilgam, Valekh, Shikeste Shirin (18 senituri), ma Alesker (19 senituri). A. o lo tatou taimi - Asad Rzayev, Mirza Bayramov, Islama Yusifov, Avak, Gara Movlayev, Talyb Mammadov, Shamshir Gojayev, Akper Jafarov, Adalet (tagata fai virtuoso i saz); Na faatulagaina e I. Yusifov se tali a ashugs mai le 25-30 pepese ma le au fai pese balaman.

Le lima sili ona lauiloa. A. o aso ua mavae - Sayat-Nova, Jivani, Sheram, Nagash Ovnatan, Shirin, Miskin Burji, A. modern - Grigor, Huseyn, Seron, Avasi, Ashot ma isi.

Faiga fa'alelei o musika A. maua le fa'atinoga i se numera o Op. polofesa o fatu pese, mo se faataitaiga. i le talafa'aga "Almast" saunia e Spediarov, "Shakhsenem" saunia e Gliere, "Kor-oglu" saunia e Gadzhibekov, "Veten" saunia e Karaev ma Gadzhiev, i le vaega "Azerbaijan" saunia e Amirov, i le Third Symphony e Karaev.

mau: Poetry of Armenia mai aso anamua e oo mai i aso nei, ed. ma le ulufale. tala ma fa'amatalaga. V. Ioe. Bryusova. Moscow, 1916. Torjyan X., Armenian folk singers-ashugs, "SM", 1937, No 7; Krivoosov V., Ashugs o Azerbaijan, “SM”, 1938, Nu 4; Anthology of Azerbaijani solo, M., 1939; Anthology of Armenian poetry, M., 1940; Eldarova E., O nisi o fesili o le ashug art, i le aoina: Art of Azerbaijan, vol. I, Baku, 1949; o ia, O nisi o fesili o le fatufatuga musika o le ashugs, i le aoina: musika Azerbaijan, M., 1961; lana lava, The Art of the Ashugs of Azerbaijan (talafaasolopito), i le aoina: The Art of Azerbaijan, vol. VIII, Baku, 1962 (i le gagana Azeri); lana lava, Lomifefiloi fa'amusika ma fa'asolosolo o Azerbaijani ashugs, i le aoina: Art of Azerbaijan, vol. XII, Baku, 1968; Seyidov M., Sayat-Nova, Baki, 1954; Kushnarev XS, Fesili o le talafaasolopito ma le talitonuga o musika monodic Armenian, L., 1958; Belyaev V., Essays on the history of music of the people of the USSR, vol. 2, M., 1963.

E. Abasova